Kesiapan Indonesia dalam Menghadapi Serangan Biologis : Pembelajaran terhadap Covid-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37824/jkqh.v11i2.2023.614Abstract
Pandemi COVID-19 telah menyoroti kerentanan global terhadap ancaman biologis, baik yang berasal dari alam maupun buatan manusia. Pandemi ini telah mengubah realitas sosial-ekonomi di Indonesia dengan pembatasan pergerakan, penutupan bisnis, dan dampak ekonomi yang dirasakan oleh berbagai lapisan masyarakat. Pemerintah Indonesia merespons dengan kebijakan penanganan COVID-19, termasuk program vaksinasi massal dan langkah-langkah kesehatan masyarakat. Namun, tantangan seperti distribusi vaksin dan keterbatasan sumber daya terus menjadi fokus perhatian. Respon yang beragam terhadap pandemi ini, seperti di Amerika Serikat dan China, memberikan pembelajaran berharga tentang pentingnya kesiapsiagaan dan koordinasi internasional dalam menghadapi ancaman serius terhadap kesehatan masyarakat. Di tingkat nasional, Indonesia telah mengambil langkah-langkah untuk membangun kesadaran dan kesiapan menghadapi ancaman biologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesiapan Indonesia dengan memanfaatkan pembelajaran dari pandemi COVID-19, dan hasilnya diharapkan dapat membantu dalam pengembangan strategi yang lebih baik untuk melindungi masyarakat dari potensi ancaman terorisme biologis di masa depan. Dengan terus memperkuat pertahanan biologis global dan dapat lebih baik memitigasi risiko dan merespons secara efektif terhadap ancaman serius ini.
References
Abraham, R. (2022). An Analysis Of People’s Republic Of China’s Socio-Political And Economic Implications Of Covid-19 Outbreak Year 2020. Journal of Comprehensive Science (JCS), 1(3), 485–495.
Alexandrea, J. S. (2023). Analisis Peramalan Persediaan Penggunaan Apd Dalam Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19.
Amnesty International. (2023, October 31). Evidence of Israel’s unlawful use of white phosphorus in southern Lebanon as cross-border hostilities escalate. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/10/lebanon-evidence-of-israels-unlawful-use-of-white-phosphorus-in-southern-lebanon-as-cross-border-hostilities-escalate/
Brennan, G., Stoian, A. M., Yu, H., Rahman, M. J., Banerjee, S., Stroup, J. N., Park, C., Tazi, L., & Rothenburg, S. (2023). Molecular mechanisms of poxvirus evolution. MBio, 14(1), e01526-22.
Brust, K. B., Papineni, V., Columbus, C., & Arroliga, A. C. (2022). COVID-19—From emerging global threat to ongoing pandemic crisis. 35(4), 468–475.
Charpentrat, J. (2020). There’s another insidious side effect of this pandemic—More anti-vaxxer activity. ScienceAlert. Available at Https://Www. Sciencealert. Com/Anti-Vaxxers-Seize-Virus-Moment-to-Spread-Fake-News.
Cohen, C., & Vigue, D. (2020). US government slow to act as anti-vaxxers spread lies on social media about coronavirus vaccine. CNN. Aug, 13.
Donachie, D., Ewann, F., & Poudevigne, F. (2023). Animal Agrocrime: An Overlooked Biological Threat. Health Security, 21(5), 415–420.
Farhart, C. E., Douglas-Durham, E., Trujillo, K. L., & Vitriol, J. A. (2022). Vax attacks: How conspiracy theory belief undermines vaccine support. Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science, 188(1), 135–169.
Kementerian Pertahanan Republik Indonesia. (2022). Kebijakan Peran Kemhan dan TNI dalam menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19.
Kristian, K., Andini, A. L., Putri, F. E., Sylvana, K., Sungkhar, K., Jelita, M. A., & Aditya, M. (2023). Potential Factors related to COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Indonesia: A Literature Review. Journal of Urban Health Research, 1(2), 47–69.
Krugman, P. (2020). How America Lost the War on Covid-19. International New York Times, NA-NA.
Lyon, R. F. (2021). The COVID-19 response has uncovered and increased our vulnerability to biological warfare. Military Medicine, 186(7–8), 193–196.
Mahmud, R., Joy, K. M. N. I., Rassel, M. A., Monayem, F. B., Datta, P. K., Hossain, M. S., Hoque, M. M., Habib, S. M. H. R., Munna, N. H., Ahmed, M., Sayeed, S. K. J. B., Rahman, M., Chowdhury, A. H., Hossain, M. Z., Ahmed, K. G. U., Miah, M. T., & Rahman, M. M. (2022). Health hazards related to using masks and/or personal protective equipment among physicians working in public hospitals in Dhaka: A cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE, 17(9).
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274169
Nye, J. S. (2020). The long-term future of deterrence. In The logic of nuclear terror (pp. 233–250). Routledge.
Sarmanto, S. (2022). Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penimbunan Alat Kesehatan Pada Masa Covid-19 (Studi Di Kepolisian Resort Simalungun).
Sharan, Y., Gordon, T. J., & Florescu, E. (2021). CRISPR and the New Biology. In Tripping Points on the Roads to Outwit Terror (pp. 25–35). Springer.
Summers, J., Cheng, H.-Y., Lin, H.-H., Barnard, L. T., Kvalsvig, A., Wilson, N., & Baker, M. G. (2020). Potential lessons from the Taiwan and New Zealand health responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Regional Health–Western Pacific, 4.
Utami, Y. P. D., Pinzon, R. T., & Meliala, A. (2021). Evaluasi Kesiapan Rumah Sakit Menghadapi Bencana Non-Alam: Studi Kasus COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Bethesda Yogyakarta. Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia: JKKI, 10(02), 100–106.
Verma, B. V. (2020). An Assessment of China’s Biological Warfare Capabilities and Need for Global Approach to Bio-Security. The United Institution Service of India.
World Health Organization. (2019). Report of the World Health Organization (WHO) biosafety inspection team of the variola virus maximum containment laboratories to the state research centre of virology and biotechnology (“SRC VB VECTOR”), Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russian Federation, 28 January-2 February 2019. World Health Organization.
Zarocostas, J. (2023). With the COVID-19 PHEIC over, what next? The Lancet, 401(10389), 1642–1643.
